How to Use a Japamala for Meditation and Chanting

A practical guide to the Japamala — what it is, how to hold and count it correctly, how to structure a chanting practice around it, and how to keep your mala in good condition.

What is a Japamala?

The word Japamala comes from two Sanskrit words: Japa (the repetition of a mantra or divine name) and Mala (garland). A Japamala is essentially a string of beads used to keep count while repeating a mantra, allowing the mind to focus on sound and meaning rather than on tallying repetitions.

Japamalas are traditionally made from Rudraksha seeds, Tulsi wood, sandalwood, or crystal, and are used across Hindu, Buddhist, and yogic traditions as a tool for focused, repetitive prayer.

Why 108 beads?

A traditional Japamala has 108 beads plus one additional "Meru" or "Sumeru" bead, which is not counted and marks the start and end of a round. The number 108 holds long-standing significance in Vedic and yogic tradition, and completing one full round is considered a complete cycle of practice — one "mala" of chanting.

Many practitioners aim to complete one, two, or more full rounds during a sitting, depending on the time available and the nature of the mantra being chanted.

How to hold a Japamala correctly

1. Use the right hand

Traditionally, the mala is held and moved using the right hand, with the middle finger and thumb doing the work while the index finger stays folded back or relaxed.

2. Drape it over the middle finger

Rest the mala on the middle finger of the right hand, and use the thumb to draw each bead toward you, one at a time, after completing each mantra repetition.

3. Avoid the index finger

The index finger is traditionally considered to represent the ego, so it is kept away from the beads while chanting.

4. Never cross the Meru bead

When you reach the large Meru bead at the end of a round, tradition holds that you should not cross over it. Instead, pause, then reverse direction and begin the next round moving back the way you came.

5. Keep the mala off the ground

Out of respect, the mala is traditionally kept off the floor and away from unclean surfaces, and is often wrapped in a cloth pouch when not in use.

Step-by-step chanting practice

• Find a quiet spot — sit comfortably with your spine upright, facing east or north if possible.
• Settle the mind — take a few slow breaths before beginning.
• Hold the mala — drape it over the middle finger of your right hand, starting just after the Meru bead.
• Chant and move — repeat your chosen mantra once per bead, drawing each bead toward you with your thumb.
• Complete the round — continue until you reach the Meru bead again; pause briefly.
• Repeat if desired — reverse direction for additional rounds rather than crossing the Meru bead.
• Close the practice — sit quietly for a minute before returning to regular activity.

Common mistakes to avoid

Beginners often rush through repetitions, use the index finger out of habit, or let the mind wander to the count instead of the mantra itself. Slowing down, using proper finger placement, and letting the beads guide the rhythm rather than the clock all help build a steadier practice over time.

How to care for your Japamala

Keep away from chemicals

Avoid direct contact with perfumes, hair sprays, soap, detergents, and chemical cleaners — these can gradually dry or damage the natural surface of the beads.

Oil occasionally

For seed or wood malas, apply a very small amount of pure sesame or almond oil occasionally to prevent the beads from becoming excessively dry over time.

Clean gently

Use a soft brush or clean cotton cloth to remove accumulated dust. If washing becomes necessary, use clean water and dry the beads completely before storing.

Store properly

When not in use, keep your mala in a clean cloth pouch, in a dry location, away from excessive moisture and direct sunlight — this preserves both the thread and the natural finish.

Choosing the right Japamala

When purchasing a Japamala, always choose authentic, naturally sourced beads from a trusted seller. Look for:

• Natural bead texture and material
• A clearly defined Meru bead
• Durable, well-finished threading
• Consistent bead size for smooth counting
• Ethical sourcing

Frequently asked questions

Which hand should I use to hold the mala?
Traditionally, the right hand is used, with the mala draped over the middle finger and moved with the thumb.

What happens when I reach the Meru bead?
You pause and reverse direction for the next round instead of crossing over it — the Meru bead is not counted as part of the 108.

How many rounds should I chant?
This varies by practice and available time — many practitioners start with one round (108 repetitions) and increase gradually.

Can beginners use any type of Japamala?
Yes. Tulsi and Rudraksha malas are commonly recommended for beginners, though the choice often comes down to personal or family tradition.